| Description | Migration inhibitory factor-related proteins MRP8 (S100A8) and MRP14 (S100A9) are members of the S100 family of calcium binding proteins. They are highly expressed in resting neutrophils, keratinocytes, infiltrating tissue mac-rophages, and on epithelial cells in active inflammatory disease. Human MRP8 has a molecular weight of 11.0 kD, while human MRP14 exists in a 13.3 kD and a truncated 12.9 kD form. Calcium induces the formation of MRP8/14 heterocomplexes (calprotectin). MRP8/14 complexes are produced in large quantity by activated granulocytes and monocytes.MRP8, MRP14, and their heterodimer MRP8/14 have been shown to have major roles in inflammatory and immunological responses. MRP8 and MRP14 regulate myeloid cell function by binding to Toll-like receptor-4 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (AGE). One major function of the MRP8/14 heterocomplex is its antimicrobial activity (hence the name calprotectin) by inhibiting the growth of pathogens through competition for zinc. MRP8/14 also regulates vascular inflammation and contributes to the biological response to vascular injury by promoting leukocyte recruitment, macrophage cytokine production, and SMC proliferation. In addition, MRP8/14 heterocomplex has a unique role as a fatty acid transport protein. This makes MRP8/14 an important mediator between calcium signaling and arachidonic acid effects.MRP8/14 proteins are regarded as markers for a number of inflammatory diseases in humans. Various conditions have shown significant correlation of MRP8/14 levels with disease activity. For example, MRP8/14 levels in stool are a reliable indicator of intestinal inflammatory conditions and can be used to predict relapse in inflammatory bowel diseases. Plasma MRP8/14 level can be a marker for acute rejection in kidney allograft transplantation. Concentra-tions of MRP8/14 in serum, and particularly in synovial fluid, correlate strongly with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients, serum levels of MRP8/14 are higher than in healthy controls and are associated with disease activity. MRP8/14 may also be a useful biomarker of platelet and inflammatory disease activity in atherothrombosis. Increasing plasma concentrations of MRP-8/14 among healthy individuals can predict the risk of future cardiovascular events. BioLegend’s LEGEND MAX? Human MRP8/14 (Calprotectin) ELISA Kit is a Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with a 96-well strip plate that is pre-coated with a capture antibody. This kit is specifically designed for the accurate protein quantitation of human MRP8/14 from cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma, and other biological fluids. It is analytically validated with ready-to-use reagents. |
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